Welcome to today’s TNPSC Daily Current Affairs for January 01, 2026.
This comprehensive compilation covers all important events across national politics,
international relations, science & technology, economy, sports, and more.
Sourced from The Hindu, Indian Express, PIB, and other reputed media.
Perfect for TNPSC Group 1, Group 2, Group 2A, and Group 4 exam preparation.

📌 Read in Tamil: தமிழில் படிக்க இங்கே கிளிக் செய்யவும்

🏛️ National Politics & Government

1. Union MinisterJyotiradityaScindiaAnnounces DoT’s 3 Major Reformsto Strengthen Telecom SecurityIn Dec

• What happened: Union MinisterJyotiradityaScindiaAnnounces DoT’s 3 Major Reformsto Strengthen Telecom SecurityIn December 2025,Union MinisterJyotiradityaMadhavrao(M.)Scindia,Ministry of Communications,announced3 major reformsintroduced by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) under the Ministry of Communications, through its National Centre for Communication Security(NCCS),aimed to bolster India’s telecom security ecosystem. About Pro Tem Certification Scheme:Conformance of Declaration:Under the scheme, the OEMs submit a declaration of conformance which states that their equipment complies with most of the security requirements for applicable IP Router and Wi-Fi CPE products as per the Indian Telecommunication Security Assurance Requirements (ITSAR).Expansion of Scheme:The NCCS has expanded the scope of the scheme to include critical components like: 5G Core Session Management Function (SMF); Optical Line Terminals (OLT); Optical Network Terminators, and new product launches.Other Key Reforms:Reduction of TSTL Designation Fee:NCCS has reducedmore than 50% in the designation application fees for TSTLs.
• Key points: The DoT has extended thePro Tem Security Certification Schemefor two years starting 1 January 2026 and also introduced key measures, including reduced application fees for Telecom Security Testing Laboratories(TSTLs)and simplified security assurance requirements for Optical Network Terminator(ONT) devices.; NCCS also provides special concessions like:50%fee reduction for Indian startups, Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs), and women-owned enterprises.; It also offers complete fee waivers to central and state government testing agencies, government institutions, Indian Institute of Technologies (IITs), and autonomous bodies.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Polity & Governance (GS Paper 2). Government policies and administration.

2. Simplification of ITSAR

• What happened: Simplification of ITSARcertification ofONT Devices:The DoT has simplified ITSAR certification process for ONT devices, which are deployed at customer premises for internet access. Under the new mechanism, the customized variants of ONTs will now be tested under a single certification procedure.
• Key details: >>Read Full News.
• Key points: Originally, ITSAR for ONT devices was notified on November 24, 2023, with voluntary-based certification came into effect from August 01, 2024 and mandatory certification with effect fromJanuary 01, 2026.; Originally, ITSAR for ONT devices was notified on November 24, 2023, with voluntary-based certification came into effect from August 01, 2024 and mandatory certification with effect fromJanuary 01, 2026.; Originally, ITSAR for ONT devices was notified on November 24, 2023, with voluntary-based certification came into effect from August 01, 2024 and mandatory certification with effect fromJanuary 01, 2026.; Originally, ITSAR for ONT devices was notified on November 24, 2023, with voluntary-based certification came into effect from August 01, 2024 and mandatory certification with effect fromJanuary 01, 2026.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Polity & Governance (GS Paper 2). Government policies and administration.

3. Union Minister Amit Shah Inaugurates Redeveloped

• What happened: Union Minister Amit Shah Inaugurates Redeveloped‘BatadravaThan’ in AssamOn December 29, 2025, Union MinisterAmit Shah, Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Ministry of Cooperation, inaugurated the redeveloped ‘Batadrava Than’,the sacred birthplace of Vaishnavite saint Srimanta Sankardeva, in Borduwa village, Nagaon district, Assam. Exam Hints:What?Inauguration of redeveloped Batadrava ThanWho?Union Minister Amit ShahWhere?Borduwa in Nagaon (Assam)Name of Project:Mahapurush Srimanta Sankardeva Abhirbhav KshetraProject Cost:More than Rs.222 croreSignificance:Birthplace of Srimanta Sankardeva AboutBatadravaThan:Significance:It is a historic cultural and religious site in Assam, promoting Assamese literature, music, dance, and spiritual teachings ofSrimanta Sankardeva.Vaishnavite Pilgrimage Circuit: It is part of Assam’s Vaishnavite pilgrimage circuit, including Borduwa, the later residence of Srimanta Sankardeva, Majuli, monastic centres, and Koch Behar.Redevelopment of Batadrava Than:Project: The redevelopment, namedMahapurush Srimanta Sankardeva Abhirbhav Kshetra,was completed at an estimated cost ofmore than Rs.222crore.Vision:The Batadrava Than redevelopment, spread across about 162–165 bighas, seeks to transform the site into a world-class spiritual and cultural tourism hub.Features:It features a 25-metre (m)-high Guru Asana symbolizing Srimanta Sankardeva, a cultural complex with themed theatres, research and exhibition centres, performance spaces for Sattriya dance and music, modern visitor amenities, landscaped gardens, and facilities for cultural events.
• Key details: About Srimanta Sankardeva:Life and Philosophy:Srimanta Sankardeva (1449–1568) was a renowned reformer, poet, and social thinker from Batadrava, Assam, whose teachings emphasized equality, devotion, and ethical living.Cultural Revolution:He established Ekasarana (Neo-Vaishnavism) centered on devotion to Lord Krishna and enriched Assamese culture through Sattriya dance, Borgeet, and Ankia Naat.About Assam:Chief Minister(CM)– Himanta Biswa SarmaGovernor– Lakshman Prasad AcharyaCapital– DispurWildlife Sanctuary(WLS)– Bornadi WLS, Panidihing WLS.
• Key points: Himanta Biswa Sarma, Chief Minister (CM) of Assam and Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways (MoPSW), were also present at the event.; The layout is designed to represent a sacred tree, reflecting his spiritual and philosophical journey.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Polity & Governance (GS Paper 2). Government policies and administration.

4. FITT & IDFC First Bank Launches New Cohort Under IGNITE Program

• What happened: FITT & IDFC First Bank Launches New Cohort Under IGNITE ProgramOn December 29, 2025, the Foundation for Innovation and Technology Transfer(FITT)the technology transfer and incubation arm of the Indian Institute of Technology(IIT)-Delhi(New Delhi), in partnership withIDFC First Bank,launched a newCohortunder the Innovation Growth & Nurturing Initiative for Technology Entrepreneurs(IGNITE)program. Exam Hints:What?Launch of New Cohort under IGNITE programLaunched by:FITT (IIT Delhi) and IDFC First BankCohort Size:15 startupsFinancial Support:Up to Rs.30 lakhs per startupFocus Areas:Climate tech, clean energy, healthcare, Agri-tech, mobility, education, and AI for social good About IGNITE Program:CSR Collaboration:The program is implemented as part of IDFC First Bank’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, in partnership with FITT.Focus:The IGNITE program is designed to bridge deep-tech research, funding, mentorship, and market access, helping startups scale solutions with potential and global impact.Objective:It is a startup support initiative designed to nurture innovation-led early-to growth-stage startups in India by providing structured mentorship, funding support, and access to the ecosystem, helping them advance from proof-of-concept to market-ready commercialization.About Cohort of IGNITE Program:Focus Areas:The program aims to nurture high-potential startups focusing on areas such as climate tech, clean energy, healthcare, Agri-tech, mobility, education, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) for social goods.Funding for Startups:Under the program, each selected startup receives non-dilutive funding ofup to Rs.30 lakhs, capacity-building workshops on tech development, business strategy, and investor readiness, mentorship from IIT faculty, industry experts, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) leaders of IDFC FIRST Bank.
• Key points: It also provides access to investor-connect sessions, demo days, and Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI)-FITT pitching opportunities to accelerate growth.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Polity & Governance (GS Paper 2). Government policies and administration.

5. 15 Startups Selected Under IGNITE Cohort:

• What happened: 15 Startups Selected Under IGNITE Cohort: About IDFC First Bank:Managing Director(MD)and Chief Executive Officer(CEO)– V. VaidyanathanHeadquarters– Mumbai, MaharashtraEstablishment– 2018 DoTReleases National Frequency Allocation Plan-2025, Effective From December 30, 2025In December 2025, the Department of Telecommunications(DoT)which works under the Ministry of Communications,releasedthe National Frequency Allocation Plan 2025(NFAP-2025),a key policy document that administers the management and allocation of radio-frequency spectrum in India.
• Key details: Exam Hints:What?Release of NFAP-25Released by: DoT, Ministry of CommunicationsEffective From:December 30, 2025New Frequency Range:8.3 kHz to 3000 GHzKey Enhancements:6,425-7,125 MHz band for IMT;Allocation ofKa, Q, and V bands for satellite-based services;Additional spectrum for IFMC;Supporting emerging technologies like: V2X communication, LEO/MEO satellite services; among others. AboutNational Frequency Allocation Plan 2025 (NFAP-2025):Focus:The plan introduces key revisions to support the expansion of 5G, 6G, satellite services, and future communication needs, aligned with global standards.Frequency Range:This newly released document will allocate radio-frequency spectrum to various radio communication services in the frequency range8.3kilohertz(kHz)to 3000 Gigahertz (GHz).Key Improvements:NFAP-25 has introduced several strategic changes to meet the rising spectrum demand for next-generation technologies such as:.
• Key points: The NFAP-25 serves as an important reference for spectrum managers, wireless operators, and telecom equipment manufacturers, formally came into effect onDecember 30, 2025.; It has identified6,425-7,125megahertz(MHz) bandfor International Mobile Telecommunications(IMT),expected to enhance mid-band spectrum availability for 5G, 5G Advanced, and future 6G networks.; Allocation ofK-above(Ka)bands(26.5–40 GHz), Q bands(33–50 GHz),and V bands(40–75 GHz) for satellite-based services that are essential for high-throughput Geo-Stationary Orbit (GSO) satellites and large non-GSO satellite constellations.; The new document also features additional spectrum for In-Flight and Maritime Connectivity(IFMC),ensuring seamless broadband access in the air and at sea.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Polity & Governance (GS Paper 2). Government policies and administration.

6. Global Spectrum Governance:

• What happened: Global Spectrum Governance:The world’s radio spectrum is globally allocated and coordinated by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) with its Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) responsible for managing international radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbit resources.Recent Related News:In October 2025, DoT; the National Communications Academy (NCA); and the GSM Association (GSMA) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in New Delhi, Delhi, aimed to enhance collaboration in telecom policy, research and capacity building, supporting India’s Digital India vision. Gujarat CMBhupendraPatel Approves Establishment of IAIRO at GIFT CityIn December 2025,GujaratGovernment, led by Chief Minister (CM) Bhupendra Patel, granted in-principle approval for the establishment of the Indian Artificial Intelligence Research Organization(IAIRO)at the Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City) in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
• Key details: Exam Hints:What?Approval for establishment of Indian AI Research Organisation (IAIRO)Where?GIFT City, GujaratBy Whom?Gujarat CM Bhupendra PatelPartners:GoI, Gujarat Government, IPABudget:Rs 300 crore for first five yearsOperationalFrom:January 1, 2026Company Type:Non-profit under Section 8 of Companies Act, 2013 About Indian AI Research Organization (IAIRO):Establishment:Set up as a non-profit Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) under Section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013.Partnership Model:The organisation is being established as a Public‑Private Partnership (PPP) involving the Government of Gujarat, the Government of India(GoI), and the Indian Pharmaceutical Alliance (IPA) with IPA as the anchor partner representing 23 leading pharmaceutical companies.Funding:The total five-year budget ofRs. 300crorewill be shared equally (33.33% each) among the three partners, with the IPA contributing Rs. 25 crore in 2025-26.Research:Focused on advanced AI research, development of AI-based products, intellectual property creation, and policy-driven studies.Infrastructure:Operates on a hybrid computing model integrating on-premise Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) infrastructure with national platforms like IndiaAI Cloud.
• Key points: The initiative makes Gujarat thefirst statein India to host a specialized AI research body, which is scheduled to become operational on1st January 2026.; The announcement coincided with the third anniversary of the India-Australia Economic Cooperation and Trade Agreement (ECTA), which took effect on 29 December 2022.; Also, agri-exports registered  broad-based growth, driven by sharp increase in fruits, vegetables, marine products, spices and coffee.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Polity & Governance (GS Paper 2). Government policies and administration.

7. Union Minister Nirmala

• What happened: Union Minister NirmalaSitharamanLaunches ‘VijAIpatha’ Labs in Karnataka Government SchoolsIn December 2025, Union MinisterNirmalaSitharaman, Ministry of Finance (MoF) and Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), launched Cyient AI Labs (CyAILS) –‘VijAIpatha’, a pilot initiative to democratise access to Artificial Intelligence(AI),Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics(STEM), and Robotics educationin government schools at a girls’ government school in Hosapete taluk, Vijayanagara district, Karnataka.AboutVijAIpathaInitiative:Objective:Democratizes AI and STEM education in rural and semi-urban government schools through a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)-led, scalable, and replicable pilot model.Budget:The three-year pilot has an approximate budget of Rs 1 crore.Phase:The initiative is structured in two phases: Phase 1 for pilot launch in five schools and Phase 2 for national-level expansion as a benchmark model.Infrastructure:Labs are equipped with high-performance computers, AI-ready software, robotics kits, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, sensors, and secure broadband.Karnataka Launched India’s First AI-Powered Skills Intelligence Unit to Revolutionize WorkforceIn December 2025, the Government ofKarnatakalaunched India’s first Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered Skills Intelligence Unit, the Karnataka Strategic & Intelligence Unit (KSIU), along with District Skill Groups (DSGs), to decentralize the technology ecosystem and bridge the skills gap through AI.The announcement was made by Sanjeev Kumar Gupta, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Karnataka Digital Economy Mission (KDEM), at the Quest 2 Learn Summit 2025 hosted byQuest Alliancein Bengaluru, Karnataka.About Karnataka:Chief Minister (CM) – SiddaramaiahGovernor– Thaawar Chand GhelotCapital– BengaluruNational Park (NP) – Anshi NP, Nagarhole (Rajiv Gandhi) NP>>Read Full News *******.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Polity & Governance (GS Paper 2). Government policies and administration.

8. Current Affairs Today (AffairsCloud Today)

• What happened: Current Affairs Today (AffairsCloud Today).
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Polity & Governance (GS Paper 2). Government policies and administration.

9. Current Affairs 31 December 2025

• What happened: Current Affairs 31 December 2025Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia Announces DoT’s 3 Major Reforms to Strengthen Telecom SecurityUnion Minister Amit Shah Inaugurates Redeveloped ‘Batadrava Than’ in AssamFITT & IDFC First Bank Launches New Cohort Under IGNITE ProgramDoT Releases National Frequency Allocation Plan-2025, Effective From December 30, 2025Gujarat CM Bhupendra Patel Approves Establishment of IAIRO at GIFT CityUnion Minister Piyush Goyal Announces Zero-Duty on 100% Australian Tariff Lines from January 01, 2026RBI released the Report on Trend and Progress of Banking in India 2024-25Rediff.com India Secures NPCI Approval for TPAP LicenceIDFC First Bank Unveils ‘Gaj: Invitation-only Metal Credit Card’Syria Unveils New Currency Series for Circulation from January 1, 2026MHA Appoints IPS Officer Rakesh Agarwal as Interim DG of NIADRDO Conducts Maiden Flight Test of 120-km Range Pinaka LRGR 120 in OdishaUnion Minister Ram Mohan Naidu Inaugurates HAL’s Dhruv-NG Helicopter in BengaluruFormer Bangladesh PM Begum Khaleda Zia Passed AwayUnion Minister Nirmala Sitharaman Launches ‘VijAIpatha’ Labs in Karnataka Government SchoolsAspirant:Does Affairscloud covers all the Current affairs topics related to examinations?Affairscloud:We Guaranteed All the Important topics related to examination are covered in Our Daily CA content and Daily CA Quizzes.Aspirant:Why is there a delayal in news?Affairscloud:As some of the major news sites doesn’t provide the required data on the exact day, we take extra time for important data to be presented to the aspirants on the examination basis to ensure nothing is missed.Example:In ‘Important Days’ topics the International Organisations publish their reports and Rankings in the evenings, to make sure every data is covered, we delay the topics to the next day.Candidates appearing for Competitive Exams. Kindly Share the General Awareness questions,which asked in their respective exams to“[email protected]”Dear Aspirants,We would like to inform you that, startingJanuary 2025,all Current Affairs Hindi Contentwill be accessible only through theCareersCloud app and CareersCloud.in website.
• Key details: Make sure to download the app or visit the website to continue accessing the content seamlessly.Thank you for your understanding and continued support! AffairsCloud Recommends Oliveboard Mock TestIBPS RRB Officer – Free Mock TestIBPS RRB Assistant – Free Mock TestSBI Clerk – Free Mock TestSBI PO – Free Mock TestIBPS Clerk – Free Mock TestRBI Grade B – Free Mock Test AffairsCloud Ebook – Support Us to GrowDownload Current Affairs APPWe are Hiring: Subject Matter Expert (English/Reasoning/Aptitude) – Freelancer/Full Time Govt Jobs by CategoryBank Jobs 2026- Various VacanciesGovernment Jobs 2026- Various VacanciesRailway Jobs 2026- Various VacanciesSSC Recruitment 2026- Various VacanciesSarkari Result 2026 Bank Jobs NotificationNIACL AO Recruitment 2024 – 170 Vacancies | Check Eligibility & Vacancy NowIOB Apprentice Recruitment 2024 – 550 Posts | Apply NowUnion Bank of India Apprentice Recruitment 2024 – 500 Posts | Apply NowIBPS SO 2024 Online Registration Last Date Extended – Check NowIBPS PO 2024 Online Registration Last Date Extended – Check Now.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Polity & Governance (GS Paper 2). Government policies and administration.

🔬 Science & Technology

10. DRDO Conducts Maiden Flight Test of 120-km Range

• What happened: DRDO Conducts Maiden Flight Test of 120-km RangePinakaLRGR 120 in OdishaOn 29th December 2025, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted the maiden flight test of thePinakaLong Range Guided Rocket(LRGR 120), at the Integrated Test Range (ITR),Chandipur, Odisha. Exam Hints:What?Maiden flight test of Pinaka Long Range Guided Rocket (LRGR 120)By Whom?Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)Where?Integrated Test Range (ITR), Chandipur, OdishaRange:120 kilometresLauncher:In-service Pinaka LauncherCoordination:ITR Chandipur & Proof and Experimental Establishment (PXE)Design:Armament Research and Development Establishment (ARDE)Developed by:High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL) and supported by Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL) and Research Centre Imarat (RCI).
• Key details: AboutMaiden Flight Test:Mission: The test achieved its mission objective of striking a target at a maximum range of120 kilometer(km) with precision.Launcher Versatility:The LRGR was fired from an in-service Pinaka launcher, demonstrating the system’s versatility and its ability to launch multiple Pinaka variants of varying ranges from a single platform.Validation:The successful flight trial, conducted from an in-service Pinaka launcher, was coordinated by Integrated Test Range (ITR) Chandipur and Proof & Experimental Establishment (PXE), confirming both system performance and launcher integration.Key People:The event was graced by Union MinisterRajnathSingh, Ministry of Defence (MoD),Dr. Samir V.Kamat, Secretary, Department of Defence Research and Development (DDR&D) and Chairman of DRDO and other dignitaries.About PinakaLRGR 120 :Capability:The Pinaka LRGR 120 is a long-range, precision-guided rocket for the Pinaka Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS), delivering deep-strike and stand-off engagement capability against high-value targets, while strengthening theIndian Army’s(IA’s) counter-force and long-range artillery operations.Guidance:An advanced onboard guidance system markedly improves accuracy and minimizes Circular Error Probable (CEP).Design Lead:The rocket was designed by the Armament Research and Development Establishment(ARDE)under DRDO.Development Support:Development was carried out in association with High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL) and supported by Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL) and Research Centre Imarat (RCI).About Odisha:Chief Minister (CM) – Mohan Charan MajhiGovernor– Hari Babu KambhampatiCapital– BhubaneswarWildlife Sanctuary (WLS) – Lakhari valley WLS, Karlapat WLS.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Science & Technology (GS Paper 3). Achievements of Indians in S&T.

11. Union Minister Ram Mohan Naidu Inaugurates

• What happened: Union Minister Ram Mohan Naidu InauguratesHAL’s Dhruv-NG Helicopter in BengaluruIn December 2025, Union MinisterRam Mohan Naidu, Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA), inaugurated and flagged off the inaugural flight of the indigenous next-generation civil helicopterDhruv-NG(Next Generation) at Hindustan Aeronautics Limited(HAL)facilities in Bengaluru, Karnataka. Exam Hints:What?Inauguration of Dhruv-NG civil helicopter and first flight flagged offBy Whom?Union Minister Ram Mohan Naidu, MoCAWhere?Bengaluru, KarnatakaOperator:HALVariant:Civil version of the indigenous Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH)Engines: Twin Shakti 1H1C enginesWeight & Capacity:Maximum take-off weight 5,500 kg, carries up to 14 passengersSpeed & Range:Maximum speed 285 km/h, range ~630 km, endurance ~3 hours 40 minutesPurpose:Designed for civil aviation with focus on safety, performance, passenger comfort, and global market standards.
• Key details: About Dhruv-NG :Aircraft:The Dhruv NG is an Advanced Light Helicopter(ALH) developed and manufactured by HAL, designed to meet civil aviation requirements and represent a significant advance in India’s indigenous aerospace capabilities.Type:A 5.5-tonne, light twin-engine, multi-role civil helicopter suitable for Very Important Person(VIP) transport, air ambulance, offshore operations, law enforcement, disaster relief, and Search and Rescue (SAR).Engines:Powered by twin Shakti 1H1C(One Helicopter, One Engine Control) engines, offering higher power, internal maintenance in India.Weight & Capacity:Maximum take-off weight 5,500 kilogram (kg), carries up to 14 passengers.Speed & Range:Maximum speed 285 kilometer per hour (km/h), range of 630 km, endurance 3 hours 40 minutes, and a service ceiling of 6,000 meter (m).Cockpit:Features a civil-certified glass cockpit compliant with Avionics System Level 4 (AS4) standards, integrated with modern avionics for superior situational awareness.Safety:Includes crashworthy seats, self-sealing fuel tanks, twin-engine redundancy, and advanced vibration-control systems for a smooth and secure flight.Cabin:The 7.33 cubic metre (m3) cabin is configurable for VIP transport (4–6 seats), air ambulance (4 stretchers plus doctor and attendant), or up to 14 passengers with 1,000 kilogram (kg) payload.Support:HAL provides end-to-end manufacturing, maintenance, and upgrades, with Power-By-Hour (PBH) and Performance-Based Logistics (PBL) ensuring high fleet serviceability.Indigenous:Represents a major milestone in India’s rotary-wing technology and offers a high-performance, cost-effective alternative to imported light twin-engine helicopters.About Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL):HAL is a Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under the Department of Defence Production, Ministry of Defence (MoD), originally established as Hindustan Aircraft on 22 December 1940 and restructured as HAL in 1964.Chairman and Managing Director (CMD)- Dr. D.K. SunilHeadquarters– Bengaluru, Karnataka.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Science & Technology (GS Paper 3). Achievements of Indians in S&T.

💰 Economy & Banking

12. RBI released the Report on Trend and Progress of Banking in India 2024-25

• What happened: RBI released the Report on Trend and Progress of Banking in India 2024-25In December 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)released the “Report on Trend and Progress of Banking in India 2024-25”, under theSection 36(2)of the Banking Regulation Act (BRA), 1949.
• Key points: The report explains the performance of the banking sector during 2024-25 and the first half of the 2025-26 period.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Economy (GS Paper 3). Banking, monetary policy, fiscal developments.

13. Banking System Structure:

• What happened: Banking System Structure:At end of Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25), India’s commercial banking sector consisted of 12 Public Sector Banks (PSBs), 21 Private Sector Banks (PVBs), 44 foreign banks (FBs), 11 Small Finance Banks (SFBs), six payments banks (PBs), 43 Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), and two Local Area Banks(LABs).Consolidated BS:The consolidated balance sheet of scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) (excluding RRBs) increased by11.2%during FY25 as compared with 15.5% during FY24.Asset and Liability:On the assets side, bank credit and investments increased by 11.5% and 9.2%, respectively, in FY25.Share of Banks:The share of PSBs in the consolidated balance sheet of SCBs declined to54.9%at end-March 2025 from 55.2% the previous year.Bank fraud amount rises 30% to Rs 21,515 crore in April-September 2026Fraud Rises:During the first half of Financial Year 2025–26 (FY26) (April–September), the number of reported bank fraud cases declined to5,092. >>Read Full News.
• Key points: However, despite the reduction in incidents, the total amount involved in these frauds increased by30%toRs 21,515 crore(Cr).
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Economy (GS Paper 3). Banking, monetary policy, fiscal developments.

14. Rediff.com India Secures NPCI Approval for TPAP

• What happened: Rediff.com India Secures NPCI Approval for TPAPLicenceIn December 2025,Rediff.comIndia Limited , a subsidiary of Infibeam Avenues Limited,received final approvalfrom the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) to operate as a Third-Party Application Provider (TPAP). Exam Hints:What?Received TPAP License for CUG testing of RediffPayWho:Rediff.com India( Infibeam Avenues Ltd)Approved by:NPCIObjective:Launch India’s first financial wellness-focused UPI appCredit:Pre-approved UPI credit for payments of Rs.1 lakh/day & withdrawals Rs.
• Key details: 10,000Payment System Provider (PSP):Axis Bank. About RediffPay:Wellness:RediffPay, India’s first UPI app focused on financial wellness, integrates standard UPI functionality, promotes financial inclusion, offers multilingual services, complies with the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act, 2023 and helps users save, invest, and access credit responsibly.Services:The platform offers standard UPI features Peer-to-Peer (P2P) transfers, merchant payments, bill payments, and mobile recharges alongside investment products including equities, Mutual Funds (MF), Fixed Deposits (FD), and Recurring Deposits (RD).Credit:Users can access pre-approved credit for merchant payments up to Rs.1,00,000 per day and cash withdrawals up to Rs.10,000.Equity & Infrastructure:Infibeam Avenues Ltd. (proposed to be renamed AvenuesAI) owns 82% of Rediff.com India and leverages its fintech infrastructure and 60 million-user ecosystem to scale RediffPay, withAxis Bankas the Payment System Provider(PSP).
• Key points: The company subsequently began Closed User Group (CUG) testing of its digital payments platform, ‘RediffPay’, ahead of its Unified Payments Interface (UPI) public launch.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Economy (GS Paper 3). Banking, monetary policy, fiscal developments.

15. IDFC First Bank Unveils ‘

• What happened: IDFC First Bank Unveils ‘Gaj: Invitation-only Metal Credit Card’In December 2025,IDFC First Bank Limitedlaunched‘Gaj’,a premium metal credit card offered exclusively on an invitation-only basis, specifically designed to cater to High-Net-Worth Individuals (HNIs) with established relationships with the bank. Exam Hints:What?Launch of Invitation-only premium metal credit cardName of Card:‘Gaj’Launched by:IDFC First Bank LimitedAvailable only for:HNIsJoining and Annual Fee:Rs 12,500 +GSTAnnual fee waived On:Annual Spends of Rs 10 lakhKey Features:Zero foreign exchange markup, interest-free global ATM withdrawals, airport lounge access.
• Key details: AboutGaj-Metal Premium Credit Card:Design:This newly launched credit card, crafted on metal, features atwin-elephant motif. It is designed to be a silent ambassador of Indian excellence on the global platform.Fees:The ‘Gaj’ metal credit card carries a joining fee and annual fee of Rs.12,500 with Goods and Services Tax (GST) each, with the annual fee waived on annual spends of Rs.10 lakh.Key Benefits:Cardholders receive 12,500 Reward Points(RP) on joining (Rs.1 = 1 RP on travel), effectively offsetting the joining fee.
• Key points: It is the top tier of IDFC First Bank’s premium metal card series, called the Ashva–Mayura–Gaj trilogy.; The card offers zero foreign exchange markup, interest-free global Automated Teller Machine (ATM) cash withdrawals, accelerated rewards on hotel and flight bookings via the bank’s app, and travel perks including airport lounge access, trip cancellation cover up to Rs.50,000, and insurance benefits.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Economy (GS Paper 3). Banking, monetary policy, fiscal developments.

16. Syria Unveils New Currency Series for Circulation from January 1, 2026

• What happened: Syria Unveils New Currency Series for Circulation from January 1, 2026In December 2025, President of Syria, Ahmed al-Sharaa, and Abdul Qadir Husrieh, Governor, Central Bank of Syria, unveiled a new series of bank notes at a ceremony in Damascus, Syria. Exam Hints:What?Syria unveiled new bank notesWhere?In Damascus (Syria)When?Circulation starts January 1, 2026 (90-day dual tender)Redenomination:10 to 500 Syrian Pounds, Two Zeros removedDesign?Agricultural motifs (roses, wheat, olives, oranges); no portraits About New Syrian Currencies:Redenomination Details:Currency reform drops two zeros (e.g., 10,000 old SYP = 100 new SYP) to combat hyperinflation and simplify transactions without altering purchasing power.
• Key details: All bank deposits and electronic balances auto-convert on Day 1. Central Bank oversees nationwide swap at branches.Design Symbolism:New notes feature nature motifs replacing Assad-era portraits: wheat fields, olive branches, orange blossoms, roses. Represents “new national identity” and economic rebirth after 2025 regime fall.
• Key points: The currencies ranging from 10 to 500 Syrian pounds(SYP) will enter circulation fromJanuary 1, 2026.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Economy (GS Paper 3). Banking, monetary policy, fiscal developments.

17. APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

• What happened: APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Economy (GS Paper 3). Banking, monetary policy, fiscal developments.

18. MHA Appoints IPS Officer Rakesh Agarwal as Interim DG of NIA

• What happened: MHA Appoints IPS Officer Rakesh Agarwal as Interim DG of NIAIn December 2025, the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) approved the appointment ofRakesh Agarwal,an Indian Police Service(IPS) officer, as the Interim Director General (DG) of the National Investigation Agency (NIA) under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA). He will hold the position until a full-time DG is appointed.
• Key details: Exam Hints:What?Additional charge of NIA DG (interim)Who?Rakesh AgarwalPredecessor:Sadanand Vasant DateTenure?Till regular DG appointed or further orders About Rakesh Agarwal:He is a 1994-batch IPS officer from the Himachal Pradesh (HP) cadre, who is currently serving as the Special Director General (SDG) at NIA from September 2025. He was recognized for expertise in counterterrorism, terror financing, and organized crime investigations.About NIA:NIA, established in 2008, in New Delhi (Delhi), following the 26/11 Mumbai attack in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It is a premier counter-terrorism agency, which investigates terrorism, terror financing, and organized crime affecting national security.
• Key points: This follows the premature repatriation of Sadanand Vasant Date, former DG of NIA, to his parent cadre in Maharashtra.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: Economy (GS Paper 3). Banking, monetary policy, fiscal developments.

📘 General Knowledge & Miscellaneous

19. Former Bangladesh PM Begum Khaleda Zia Passed Away

• What happened: Former Bangladesh PM Begum Khaleda Zia Passed AwayOn December 30, 2025, Former Prime Minister(PM)of BangladeshBegum Khaleda Zia, chairperson of Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), passed away at the age of 80 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. She was born on 15 August 1945 in Jalpaiguri in Bengal Province, British India (now in West Bengal, WB).
• Key details: Exam Hints:What?Former Bangladesh PM Begum Khaleda Zia Passed AwayWhere?Dhaka (Bangladesh)Political Party:BNP (Chairperson)Significance:First female PM of BangladeshPM Tenure:1991-1996, 2001-2006 About Begum Khaleda Zia:Profile:Khaleda Zia is the spouse of Ziaur Rahman, former President of Bangladesh. She entered politics after the assassination of her husband in 1981.Career:In 1982, she joined the BNP, which was founded by Ziaur Rahman. In 1984, she became the Chairperson of the BNP.
• Key points: She served as PM from 1991 to 1996 and later from 2001 to 2006.; In 1996, her government resigned amid political unrest over election demands.; In 2001, she again became the PM, focusing on infrastructure development, economic growth, strengthening relations with China, Pakistan, and Middle Eastern countries. Her tenure ended due to political instability in 2006.
• Why it matters for TNPSC: General Knowledge. Important for TNPSC prelims.

📝 Practice Questions (MCQs)

Test your knowledge with these questions based on today’s current affairs:

Q1. Which of the following is related to: Union MinisterJyotiradityaScindiaAnnounces DoT’s 3 Major Reformsto Strengthen Telecom SecurityIn Dec?

(a) Option A – to be filled with specific details
(b) Option B – to be filled with specific details
(c) Correct answer from the news item
(d) Option D – to be filled with specific details

Q2. Which of the following is related to: Simplification of ITSAR?

(a) Option A – to be filled with specific details
(b) Option B – to be filled with specific details
(c) Correct answer from the news item
(d) Option D – to be filled with specific details

Q3. Which of the following is related to: Union Minister Amit Shah Inaugurates Redeveloped?

(a) Option A – to be filled with specific details
(b) Option B – to be filled with specific details
(c) Correct answer from the news item
(d) Option D – to be filled with specific details

Q4. Which of the following is related to: FITT & IDFC First Bank Launches New Cohort Under IGNITE Program?

(a) Option A – to be filled with specific details
(b) Option B – to be filled with specific details
(c) Correct answer from the news item
(d) Option D – to be filled with specific details

Q5. Which of the following is related to: 15 Startups Selected Under IGNITE Cohort:?

(a) Option A – to be filled with specific details
(b) Option B – to be filled with specific details
(c) Correct answer from the news item
(d) Option D – to be filled with specific details